Lesson 11  Navigation
Objectives Description Subject Areas Skills Class Organization Materials Necessary Skills Time Required Lesson Preparation Classroom Lesson Evaluation Applicable Notes     CAT II Flight Simulator Interior   Floor Plan Click Image	Objectives Flight Simulator 98 Teacher's Guide (11) Navigation - Pilotage and Dead Reckoning Use Microsoft Flight Simulator 98 to help students: Gain a basic understanding of using Flight Simulator 98 Learn to use the “Help” menu. Learn to use the "Flight School", "Ground School" section. Understand the information contained in "Navigation Introduction, Pilotage and Dead Reckoning". Description The Microsoft Flight Simulator 98 “Pilot’s Help” section is designed as a complete, self-passed ground school.  It is highly recommend that all sections be printed and copied for student use.  Ideally, students should have a copy of the “Pilot’s Help” section, and the Training Simulator workstation should be projected onto the two large screen monitors above the CAT II Main Simulator for the entire class to see.  The “Pilot’s Help” section contains an excellent ground school to help students understand the basics of flight, but it is recommended that other resources be used to help supplement the instruction.  In this section, students will learn about Navigating using pilotage and dead reckoning skills. Subject Areas This section is appropriate for classes studying Microsoft Flight Simulator "Using Flight Simulator" sections of the "Pilots Help". Introduction to Navigation, Pilotage and Dead Reckoning.   Skills To complete this activity, students must:    Know how to use the “Pilot’s Help” section.    Learn to use "Using Flight Simulator".    Understand the principles of navigation and understand how to navigate using pilotage and dead reckoning techniques.   Class Organization Depending on the number of available computers, as well as projection devices, the instructor can modify the activity to work with an entire class or with individual students.  It is highly recommended that all students have a complete printed copy of the “Pilot’s Help” section and that the Training Simulator be switched to display on the two 31” monitors above the CAT II Main Simulator so the entire class can see the instrument panel. Materials All students should have a printed copy of the “Pilot’s Help”, “Flight School” section.  Students can go through the activities at a computer station or as a group using the large screen monitors.  Other materials such as aircraft diagrams, model planes, and pictures are useful.  A wide variety of resources can be found on the Internet.  The instructor should demonstrate navigation techniques on the Training Simulator.  Switch the output to display on both 31" monitors so the entire class can see the Instrument Panel and understand how to navigate using pilotage and dead reckoning.  The Instructor should have Aviation VFR Sectional Charts and a Flight Plotter/Calculator available for this and other sections on navigation. Skills Needed In order to complete this activity, the instructor should have a complete understanding of using Microsoft Flight Simulator 98 and the “Pilots Help” section.    Be able to open the “Pilot’s Help” Section.  Go to the “Help” menu on the main Flight Simulator 98 screen.  Highlight “Contents” and then open the folder you would like to work with.    Be able to navigate through the help items.    Be able to use the "Using Flight Simulator" section.    Understand all the material in "Ground School" and have an understanding of Navigation Rules, Instruments and Procedures.   Time Required Two to three class periods.  It is important that students completely read these sections prior to class.  Time spent on this section may be extended to provide all students the opportunity to fly the simulators.   Preparing for this Lesson Here are some ideas and hints to help the instructor prepare students for the lesson:   Make sure that all students have a printed copy of the “Pilot’s Help” section.   Students can work individually or in groups.   If the two large screen monitors are being used for the CAT II Main Simulator, consider making an overhead transparency copy of the “Pilot’s Help” section so the entire class can follow.  It is important that the students be able to see an example that demonstrates the tasks. If that is not possible, bring up the help menu on a workstation for students to observe.   Students should read the "Flight School", Ground School", "Introduction" section for this lesson.   Students should be able to demonstrate their knowledge through verbal, written, or simulator exercises. Classroom Lesson In this lesson, take students through all the functions of the “Pilot’s Help”, "Flight School", "Ground School",  and "Navigation" portion of Flight Simulator 98.  Although it is not practical for every student to have a workstation they will have a printed copy of the section.  It is important that they know how to use this section.  The student's printed material should be arranged in the same order as the “Pilot’s Help” section of the program.  The “Pilot’s Help” section will be the main resource tool for the entire project.  Students should use the Related Topic Section. The main idea behind this lesson is to give students an understanding of how to navigate by matching ground features to Sectional Charts and by precise timing. Students should have a basic understanding of the following: Primary Flight Instruments Navigation Pilotage VOR ILS Compass Rose Dead Reckoning NDB Deduced Reckoning Evaluation Understanding and Application The evaluation process is divided into three categories. 1.  Basic Understanding:  Students should have a basic understanding of concepts.  This category includes true/false, multiple choice, verbal and simulation applications tests. 2.  Understanding and Application:  Students should have an understanding of concepts, and they should be able to apply them.  This evaluation category includes essay, fill in the blank, and flight simulation applications tests. 3.  Complete Understanding:  This is a critical area.  Students should have a complete understanding of this area before progressing to the next lesson.  These lessons include concepts that the students must know in order to successfully complete the unit on flight and apply what they are learning on the simulators. Notes  There are basically two to rules to follow in navigation. Visual Flight Rules (VFR) apply to conditions where the pilot is able to see geographic features and use a minimum of instruments to navigate. Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) apply to conditions where visibility is limited and pilot's must use their instruments in order to fly from one point to another. The majority of private pilots fly under VFR conditions.  While VFR flying takes less skills and training than IFR flying, pilot's still need skills in reading maps, flying by instruments, geography and understanding weather.  Some may recall the Air Force joke about IFR flying.  The reference being "I Follow Roads".  There is truth in this, a road map can be a great help in finding your location or where you are going if everything else fails. Have students compare a regular road map to a VFR Sectional Chart map and identify all the things on the maps that could help them find their way.   Copyright © 1999 Advanced Simulation Systems, Inc. Microsoft is a registered trademark and the Genuine Microsoft Products Logo is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States of America and in other countries. All Brand names are trademarks of their respective owners.